1. Lifestyle Modifications

   • Healthy eating with a focus on a balanced diet low in refined sugars and high in fiber.
   • Regular physical activity to improve insulin sensitivity and overall health.
   • Weight management, especially for type 2 diabetes.

2. Medication

   • Insulin Therapy: Essential for type 1 diabetes and sometimes used for type 2 diabetes.
   • Oral Medications: Such as metformin, sulfonylureas, or SGLT2 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes.
   • Non-insulin Injectables: Like GLP-1 receptor agonists to control blood sugar and promote weight loss.

3. Blood Sugar Monitoring

   • Regularly checking blood glucose levels with glucometers or continuous glucose monitors (CGMs).

4. Education and Support

   • Diabetes education programs to help patients understand their condition.
   • Support groups and counseling to address emotional and psychological aspects of diabetes.

5. Preventive Care

   • Regular screenings for complications, such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease.
   • Vaccinations and foot care to prevent infections and ulcers.

6. Advanced Treatments (in specific cases):

   • Bariatric surgery for individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
   • Pancreas or islet cell transplantation for severe type 1 diabetes.

                 Effective diabetes treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach involving endocrinologists, dietitians, diabetes educators, and other                   healthcare professionals.